Click, Empire, and Fall: Iceland Independence Day Komi Republic Text and graphics Theo Deutinger, Filip Cieloch and Lucia de Usera Faroe Islands shan Throughout history, the borders of Europe have constantly a. Basque Country changed. Unfortunately, shifting borders are usually the outcome LaRioja of conflict, as exemplified by the dissolution of Yugoslavia. Yet 6n armed conflict is avoidable, as shown by the emergence of the 7.Free County post-Soviet states and the peaceful divorce of Czechoslovakia in 1993. Just a year ago, one might have thought that a more mature 10.Switzertand world was evolving - one in which the pursuit of sovereignty could 11.5ao be settled without gunfire- but in light of the war in Ukraine and 13. Liguria ISIL's desire for an Islamic caliphate, global sanity seems more 1. Tieino unachievable than ever, Jämtland O0ster Shetland Outer Hebrides Orkney Islands Udmurtia Sweden Estonia Tatarstan Bashkortostan The concept of nation-state sovereignty beganth euth tyrol Chuvashia Northumberland the Peace of Westphalia in 1648 and is based on territoriality and 19 of ManDenmark Friui-Venezia Giutia the absence of a role for external agents in domestic structures. 20.istria ber that had declined to about 70 at the end of the 19 century, Bonia Herzegovina eign states. Republika Srpska In 1648 the world consisted of some 80 sovereign states, a num-22. Croatian Rep of Ireland Mordovia when it began to grow again. Today's world comprises 20andnk Wales Mercia Together with the rise of the modern state, the accuracy of national boundaries increased as well, thanks to modern 28. Northern Epirus Kazakhstan Germany surveying techniques (triangulation) and the consequent pro- 3Shlesaig-Holssein duction of highly detailed maps. Precisely drawn borders have 31. Karachay-Cherkessia not led to greater stability, however, but to even more sensitivityAbiahazia among nations. A study of the number and size of nation states 34. South Ossetia concludes that one result of democratization and economic 35. Ingushetia integration is ever more countries. As Marshall McLuhan points 37 out in The Gutenberg Galaxy, literacy is another determining 38. Adjara Netherlands Guernsey Isle of Wigh Jersey O P Brittany bourg factor, as most states that have formed over the past 150 years Nagorno Karabakh Car ORostov Slovakia Ruthenia have appeared along language lines, and people who can read and write are aware of the cultural impact of word-based com- Austria Transnistria Russia The collapse of hegemonic empires has also served as Galicia Hungary Kr midwife at the birth of nation states. The end of the Roman Empire marked an increase in the number of European states, which had risen from 37 to 1 14 by 1300, a development compara- ble to the proliferation of sovereign states in East-Central Europe Portuga Occitania ia gauzia Croatia 三 ezgistar Romania since the fall of the Communist regime. The process of autonomy Monaco has slowed down but not halted; in Western Europe it is fed by subsidies from the European Union, a Marino Bul nd in Eastern Europe it is triggered by Russia's autocratic government. Both systems have an expiration date and should be prepared for a higher diversity o Valencia of sovereign states. It is to be hoped that, at the very least, the nations of Western Europe understand the concept of a peaceful divorce and the need to respect another's point of view. Andalusia Balearic Islands .Alberto Alesina and Enrico Spolaore, On the Number and Sine of Sardinia Notions, The Quartery Journal of Economies, Vol. 112, Na.4 (Now. 1007) 2. Marshall McLuhan, The Gutenberg Golaxy The Making ef Typogrophic Mon, Univeesity of Toronto Press, 1962 3. Chiu Yu Ko, Mark Koyama and Tuan-Hwee Sng, Unified China _ Iraq and Divided Europe, June 2014 ru Malta land-of-maps: Independence Day : what Europe would look if separatist movement got their wish [5335 × 3205]CLICK HERE FOR MORE MAPS!

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