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![Abc, Being Alone, and America: AMNESTY
Is
TREASON
UST SAY
0
MR AMNESTY
<p><a href="http://conservativecathy444.tumblr.com/post/135399830957/overpassesforamerica-new-post-has-been" class="tumblr_blog">conservativecathy444</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p><a class="tumblr_blog" href="http://overpassesforamerica.tumblr.com/post/135397637850">overpassesforamerica</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>New Post has been published on <a href="http://overpassesforamerica.com/?p=21625">http://overpassesforamerica.com/?p=21625</a></p>
<blockquote>
<p><strong>NEW WEBSITE EXPOSES MARCO āMR AMNESTYā RUBIO AS A LIAR AND DONOR CLASS PUPPET #o4a #news #Rubio #noamnesty</strong></p>
<p><img src="http://overpassesforamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/rubio-AMNESTY-TREASON1.jpg"/></p>
<p>Mr Americana, Overpasses News Desk<br/>
December 17th, 2015<br/><a href="http://overpassesforamerica.com/">Overpasses For America</a><br/><a href="http://www.breitbart.com/big-government/2015/10/08/website-exposing-marco-amnesty-rubio-goes-live-a-donor-class-puppet/">VIA BREITBART</a></p>
<p><strong>A new mysterious website exposing Sen. Marco Rubio (R-FL) for his immigration positions ahead of the 2016 primaries has hit the web.</strong><br/><a href="http://overpassesforamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/rubio-AMNESTY-TREASON1.jpg"><img src="http://overpassesforamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/rubio-AMNESTY-TREASON1.jpg" alt="rubio AMNESTY TREASON" width="640" height="416" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-21627"/></a><br/>
At this time, itās unclear who made the websiteā<strong>but it details in depth the immigration transgressions of Sen. Rubio in a way that has yet to be done on the campaign trail.</strong> </p>
<p>As 2016 GOP frontrunner billionaire Donald Trump marshals his forces to take on Rubioāthe new Washington establishment candidate given that former Florida Gov. Jeb Bushās campaign is flounderingāthis website could become a central part of the campaign. </p>
<p>The URL for the site is <a href="http://www.rubioamnestyplan.com/">RubioAmnestyPlan.Com</a>, and could severely threaten to debunk Rubioās efforts to claim again to conservatives just like he did before that his immigration viewpoint is not amnesty.</p>
<p><strong>The site calls the junior Senator from Florida āMarco āAmnestyā Rubioā and a ādonor class puppetā right at the top, and then starts off noting that āMarco Rubio is Jeb Bush without the honesty.ā</strong></p>
<p><em>āRubioās only accomplishment in Congress has been to betray the American people,ā</em> the opening reads. <em>āHis record on immigration and Obamatrade demonstrate that there is nothing Rubio will not say ā and no lie Rubio will not tell ā in order to deliver for his donors.ā</em></p>
<p>Citing National Review, the site goes on to detail <strong>how Rubio worked closely with Sen. Charles Schumer (D-NY)</strong> āone of the most liberal Democrats in the U.S. Senate who is nearly certainly going to be the next Democratic leader once Sen. Harry Reid (D-NV) retiresā<strong>calling Rubio Schumerās āamnesty pitchman.ā</strong></p>
<p><em>āRubio was hired to shove amnesty through the Senate by putting his face on Obamaās bill,ā</em> the site continues, citing the New Yorker and Twitchy.<br/><a href="http://overpassesforamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/kasich-rubio-bush-3-amigos.jpg"><img src="http://overpassesforamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/kasich-rubio-bush-3-amigos-199x300.jpg" alt="kasich rubio bush 3 amigos" width="199" height="300" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21628"/></a><br/>
From there, the site cites Breitbart News, The Daily Caller, New York Times, ABC News, key immigration groups like FAIR and CIS and renowned blogger Mickey Kausāwho criticized Fox News for being too easy in coverage of amnestyā<strong>among several others to argue that Rubio during his āGang of Eightā immigration days had launched a ā24-7 Misinformation Campaignā for which heās never apologized.</strong></p>
<p><em>āRubio said he joined the Gang of Eight to āto get the best bill possibleā but he produced the most extreme immigration bill in history (more extreme than McCain-Kennedy) and written by special interest groups. Rubioās plan earned the endorsement of Obama, La Raza, Reid, all Dems, Gutierrez, Pelosi, Zuckerberg, Murdoch, Iger, the Chamber of Commerce, and every open borders outfit in the country,ā </em>the site reads.</p>
<p><em>It details how Rubio broke promises he made to nationally syndicated talk radio hosts Rush Limbaugh, Mark Levin and Sean Hannity and Fox News host Bill OāReillyāagain,</em> <strong>for which heās never apologized.</strong></p>
<p><em>āRubio pledged to Rush Limbaugh that āif there is not language in this bill that guarantees that nothing else [i.e. the amnesty] will happen unless these enforcement mechanisms are in place, I wonāt support it,āā </em>the site reads.</p>
<p> Rubio made the same promise to Hannity, OāReilly, Levin and everyone else. You could not turn on your TV without hearing Rubio sell Schumerās amnesty. <strong>But Chuck Schumer himself made clear that Rubio</strong> ā <em>his obedient amnesty pitchman</em> ā <strong>was lying to them all</strong>. Schumer declared <em>āOn day one of our bill, the people without status [illegal aliens]ā¦will be able to live and work here legally.ā</em><br/><a href="http://overpassesforamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/rubio-amnesty-man1.png"><img src="http://overpassesforamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/12/rubio-amnesty-man1-300x189.png" alt="rubio amnesty man" width="300" height="189" class="alignright size-medium wp-image-21629"/></a><br/>
It then notes that Rubio <em>ārevealed his own con during a Spanish-language interview before the voteā</em> on the Gang of Eight bill, telling Univision en espanol according to the Washington Examiner:<em> āLetās be clear. Nobody is talking about preventing the legalization. The legalization is going to happen. That means the following will happen: First comes the legalization. Then come the measures to secure the border.ā</em></p>
<p>The site then goes through everything that was with the Rubio-Schumer āGang of Eightā bill, and even shows a photograph of <strong>then Democratic Senate Majority Leader Harry Reid giving Rubio a big hu</strong>g on the Senate floor as they celebrate the amnesty billās passage.</p>
<p>It notes how National Review writes that <strong>Rubio was ālyingā to America about his immigration plan, actively ātrying to fool voters.ā</strong></p>
<p>Most importantly, perhaps, the site <strong>details how Rubio has ānever changed his viewsā </strong>despite his campaign operatives giving off the impression that he has.</p>
<p><em>āHe continues to actively embrace every single policy in the Gang of Eight bill, including mass immigration, amnesty and citizenship and will impose them by force on Americans if given the chance,ā</em> the site reads, citing WMUR in New Hampshire, The Daily Caller and Breitbart News. <em>āIn the words of a Democrat: āHe always came backā¦it was kind of like lassie.āā</em></p>
<p><a href="http://overpassesforamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/join-us-overpasses-minuteman.jpg"><img src="http://overpassesforamerica.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/join-us-overpasses-minuteman.jpg" alt="join us overpasses minuteman" width="2048" height="1243" class="aligncenter size-full wp-image-17044"/></a><br/></p>
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</blockquote>
</blockquote>
<p>Amnesty = no automatic deportationĀ Ā New Definition</p><p>We have laws - go ahead and try to deport people that have jobs and own property - lots of luck.Ā And imagine the cost involved - way more then letting them stay.</p><p>Rubio - lets pass laws that say if you ever voted as an illegal you can be deported - all people who came here illegally are forbidden from taking any benefits (gosh might self deport) - anyone here illegally that has committed any other crime other then coming here will be deported - So if you want to stay you must support yourself - pay all back taxes - pay fines - and wait at least 10 years for any other kind of status - up to debate and what laws pass.Ā But imagine that a candidate that wants to follow laws and the constitution and make laws that help do what you really want done. Oh and by the way he has explained how he also learned a lesson and none of this happens until wall and security for borders is secured and current law followed along with e-verify followed.Ā That alone would solve most of our problems.<br/></p><p>I am tired of people who do not want to think long term about the statements they makeĀ - want to react emotionally because it sounds nice - do not want to live in the real world or come up with ideas to put us back where we want to be with real world solutions.Ā Oh and let us not forget all these people want to ignore or not even ask questions about Trump saying he will then let the āgoodā ones back in.Ā <br/></p><p>I am tired of people that are willing to sell themselves and accept principles that we all would have dismissed as nonsenseĀ a few years ago just for immigration and will accept some sort of tyranny just to achieve that goal which without that can never occur.<br/></p></blockquote>
<p>Can we freaking stop with this “Marco Rubio for amnesty” nonsense? Plenty of candidates have proposed a path to citizenship for nonviolent, often taxpaying, community involved illegal immigrants without “hurr durr dats amnesty” being thrown around. Amnesty would be a complete pardon with no consequences for breaking the law, and I’m pretty sure making them pay a fine and go through an extensive work permit to a possible, eventual citizenship path is far from no consequences.</p>](https://pics.onsizzle.com/amnesty-is-treason-ust-say-0-mr-amnesty-<p><a-href-http-conservativecathy444-tumblr-com-post-135399830957-overpassesforamerica-new-post-has-been-33537294.png)
![Bad, Bill Clinton, and Burger King: New York Plans Mmmun
Wage Raio
ur
for Fast Food Workers
Losses
BY REUTERS 7/23/15 AT 11
Massive Job
the
U.S.
People celebrate the passage of the minimum
What if we told you that much of the empirical "evidence" commonly referenced to support large minimum wage increases has its roots in a popular research paper that was thoroughly discredited years after its publication?
As many of you know, New York recently moved to raise the minimum wage for fast-food workers to $15 an hour, to be phased in gradually by the end of 2018 in NYC and by mid-2021 for the rest of the state. [1]
As David Brooks of the New York Times explains, "Once upon a time there was a near consensus among economists that raising the minimum wage was a bad idea. ...Then in 1993 economists David Card and Alan Krueger looked at fast-food restaurants in New Jersey and Pennsylvania and found that raising the minimum wage [supposedly] gave people more income without hurting employment. ...Today, raising the minimum wage is the central piece of the progressive economic agenda." [2] The research of Krueger and Card became famous within academic circles, as they controversially claimed "Our empirical findings challenge the prediction that a rise in the minimum wage reduces employment. Relative to stores in Pennsylvania, fast food restaurants in New Jersey increased employment by 13%." [3] Ever since this bomb shell of a finding was released, progressive intellectuals have latched onto the findings and continually cite, share, and recycle this one particular paper. President Bill Clinton even "cited it in support of his proposal to increase the federal minimum wage in the mid-ā90s." [4]
"But six years later, the Card & Krueger study was debunked in the same economics journal that originally published it." [4] You see, it turned out that much of the data collected by Card & Krueger was not hard data, rather, it was merely informal telephoned surveys. A team of researchers from the Employment Policies Institute collected ACTUAL payroll data, however, and found very little resemblance to that which appeared in the original paper. Per the new study:
"...using new data based on ACTUAL payroll records from 230 Burger King, KFC, Wendy's, and Roy Rogers restaurants in New Jersey and Pennsylvania... we have two findings to report. First, the data collected by CK appear to indicate greater employment variation over the eight-month period between their surveys than do the payroll data. For example, in the full sample the standard deviation of employment change in CK's data is THREE TIMES AS LARGE that in the payroll data. (Talk about an exaggeration) Second, estimates of the employment effect of the New Jersey minimum wage increase from the payroll data lead to the OPPOSITE conclusion from that reached by CK.
...Estimates based on the payroll data suggest that the New Jersey minimum wage increase led to a 4.6 percent DECREASE in employment in New Jersey relative to the Pennsylvania control group. This decrease is statistically significant at the five-percent level." [5] Translation? The ACTUAL data disproved the data gathered via informal telephone questionnaires.
Unfortunately, this flawed research has served as the intellectual backbone to those who wish to empirically justify large minimum wage increases, and the ambiguity it supposedly introduced into the body of economic evidence continues to permeate our political realm today. Meanwhile, wage floors continue to do their damage, even if unseen by the untrained observer. In modern-history, for instance, we've had one significant hike in the federal minimum wage, back in 2007. Economists Michael Wither and Jeffrey Clemens of the University of California examined this hike and found that it reduced the national employment-to-population ratio by 0.7 percentage points. [6] Given the size of our population, that's actually quite a significant amount. They also found that it led to a 6% decrease in the likelihood that a low-wage worker would have a job. [6] THAT is HUGE.
So that brings us to now, in New York. Unfortunately, given everything we know, this drastic increase in the wage floor will likely cause more harm than good. For instance, using extensive margin elasticity estimates from neighboring New Jersey, economist Richard Sessa estimated that the minimum wage increase to $15 per hour in the state of New York will lead to an employment reduction of "no less than approximately 20,000 fast food workers." [7]
20,000 people...
You see, being concerned about the coming changes in NY wage law has little to do with defending the rich. It's about concern for those who can least afford the detrimental effects of misguided public policy.
-------------------------
Sources:
[1]
http://www.newsweek.com/new-york-plans-minimum-wage-raise-15-hour-fast-food-workers-356513
[2]
http://mobile.nytimes.com/2015/07/24/opinion/david-brooks-the-minimum-wage-muddle.html?referrer=
[3]
http://www.nber.org/papers/w4509.pdf
[4]
http://nypost.com/2013/08/06/minimum-honesty-on-minimum-wage/
[5]
http://www.nber.org/papers/w5224
[6]
http://econweb.ucsd.edu/~mwither/pdfs/Effects%20of%20Min%20Wage%20on%20Wages%20Employment%20and%20Earnings.pdf
[7]
https://drive.google.com/file/d/0B-Wu8_sNVSUjS3NsVDJ0OXBEN3c/view?usp=sharing](https://pics.onsizzle.com/new-york-plans-mmmun-wage-raio-ur-for-fast-food-19647591.png)
![5 Am, Asian, and Aww: from [deleted] sent 3 days ago
I'm not Elliot but I'd be down to chat if your cool with me being 32 m
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C-lto [deleted] sent 3 days ago
Why not haha. How are you?
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from [deleted] sent 3 days ago
Not bad had to work overtime at work last night but def enjoying my
Saturday, you? What are you up to this weekend?
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C-lto [deleted] sent 3 days ago
Just chilling with family. Have to go back to school on Monday so I'm
rying to sleep in as much as possible
:P
ink
from [deleted] sent 2 days ago
Haha yeah getting up early sucks eh, when I'm on day shift I get up at
5am! Are you a fan of football? Have any big dinners this weekend for
thanksgiving?
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C-]to [deleted] sent 2 days ago
Ouch 5 am sucks. I don't really like watching football, I think the game
starts and stops too much. Generally I find watching sports boring,
except for horse racing, basketball, sometimes soccer and the
Olympics. I really like playing all those ba
sports though haha. We
head steak for Thanksgiving. It was awesome. No one in my family likes
turkey so we never actually eat it. I don't think we're very American lol
ink
from [deleted] sent 2 days ago
That's ok you can never go wrong with steak! How do you eat yours? I
like rare!! Yeah football is kinda lame, I
like hockey, soccer, baseball So
back to school Monday eh, do you enjoy school? I'm working 3pm
1pm this week.. bummer about working shift work Anything you
wanna k ow about me?
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C-lto [deleted] sent 2 days ago
I like medium rare. And school is so stressful lol. My teachers are much
better than last year's though. What kind of work do you do?
ink
from [deleted] sent 2 days ago
I work in a stone mill. We crush stone to certain sizes depending on
what the client needs it for. Loud, dirty but coworkers are awesome and
the pay is amazing!
What kind of bands do you like? Do you like to read?
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[-]to [deleted] sent 2 days ago
That sounds hard but fun! Right now I'm obsessed with Hamilton the
musical P And I love reading! I used to read like a novel a day but now
I can't because of school Ironic eh. My favorite genres are historica
fiction and sci-fi. What about you?
from [deleted] sent 2 days ago
I love reading biographies, WWII books but I've also lately started
getting into sci fi and science fiction! I love reading I have a big book
shelf that is filled twice over, I need another book shelf! I've heard good
things about Hamilton I liked rock of ages
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C-lto [deleted] sent 2 days ago
Ooh have you read Unbroken by Lauren Hillenbrand? I really enjoyed i
It's about this Olympic runner-turned WWII pilot-turned Japanese POW
It was actually made into a movie a few years back. AND Hamilton is
AMAZING, you should check it out. All original songs and the lyrics are
just so well-written. What genres of music do you like? I must
recommend you a song
ink
from [deleted] sent 2 days ago
I like all sorts of music.. punk, classic rock, techno, alternative
I'm a
sucker for acoustic and I play acoustic guitar:) have to check it out
I'm in Canada though and I don't know if it's here yet. I remember
seeing previews for that but haven't read it or seen the book. Right now
I'm reading Golden Son
it's the 3rd book to a trilogy and really good
I see it as a mix between hunger games and 1984
you want an
amazing son I'm obsessed with right now
hallelujah by the Pentatonix
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from [deleted] sent 2 days ago
Ps this is me in case you wanna put a face to my username
http://m.imgur.com/ixgwBYM
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C-lto [deleted] sent 2 days ago
Oh I'm learning acoustic guitar! Not very good yet but it's really fun. Ok
I recommend Satisfied from Hamilton for you I've learned it on guitar
and it's one of my favorite songs ever. You should really read the lyrics
sten to it. Golden Son sounds really interesting. I'll check it out
as you
as soon as I get the chance
I've always loved Hallelujah. I want to learn that on guitar too. Just
listened to the Pentatonix version and wow. The voice of the fourth guy
in the hat is SO HIGH. I'm in awe
ink
[-]to [deleted] sent 2 days ago
You have nice eyes btw
ink
from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Why thank you yeah such an amazing song eh Tell me more about
what you like
are you into video games?
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C-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Nah sorry. I've never tried them really. I've only played 2000s kids PC
games like Zoo Tycoon and Oregon Trail haha. I really enjoyed them
though! Uncharted and those adventure games sound fun
ink
from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
I play grand theft auto it is really fun! What else do you do for fun? Te
me more about you
What is GTA about? Seems pretty violent. Sigh
I all the fun video
games seem really violent. I love the story for The Last of Us but I'd
never play it. Zombies scare me Idk I like art and singing too. I'm
always humming something
ink
from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Nice, yeah I have the last of us but rarely play it. GTA is pretty violent
haha anything you wanna know about me? What brought you to reddit
to make friends? Do you talk to many people on here? What made ya
wanna chat with me?
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C-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
I usually just read Askreddit and stuff. This is the first time I've tried
talking to people on here though. There are a few other guys that
replied to my post so I'm chatting with them as well. I'm not really
looking for anything. I just think casual conversation is nice What
about you? What's your fave sub?
ink
C-]
from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Gaming is awesome, AMA is good.. honestly gwnerdy is good but it's a
lil crated haha I'm a bit of a nerd. I collect and read comic books, read
a lot. You are the only person I chat with to be honest
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C-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Ah ok. You like superheroes then? And you're from Canada... do you
speak French? Because if you do that's super cool :D I visited Montreal
once, it was awesome! Poutine was really heavy but good
ink.
C-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
I didn't know what gwnerdy was
omg lol. Can't judge though, I visit
ladyboners all the time _(V)
ink
C-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
My shruggy guy is missing an arm
ink
C-]
from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Haha yeah told ya to watch out I do love super heroes my fave are
Wolverine and Spider-Man and venom is my fave villain! I have about
250 comics. I speak basic French and I love poutine haha Is it early for
you? Late? Mid day?
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C-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Hm did you though? Ooh I like Wolverine and Spider-Man too. Joker
would have to be my favorite villain (totally not because of Heath
Ledger). I want to learn French, but I'm taking Spanish in school. It's
kinda late I guess. I should sleep early because school
ink
from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
I told you it was xrated lol or did my phone auto correct? My mistake
forgot you are 16 my bad xoxo
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I- from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Is it weird chatting with me with such a big age difference? I mean our
chat so far has flowed pretty nicely! I get excited to see my inbox light
up red
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I-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
I think it really doesn't matter if it's just through text. Adults are kind of
intimidating in person though lol. I still see them as authority figures I
guess. Which is weird because I'm getting close to being an adult. But it
sure doesn't feel like it P Anyway yeah it's nice talking to you! What's it
like being 32??
ink
L-1 from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Not bad I guess.. I def don't feel 32 and most people say I don't look
32 lol I'm not intimidating.. I am very carefree laid back easy going
positive person! Yeah you are getting there, live life a day at a time
cause time def flies by!!
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I-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
What are you doing up so late though?! It's 3:45 am in Ontario go to
sleep lol
ink
I- from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Yeah I'm a night owl! I'm usually up late! What are you up to?
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I-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Studying
trying to study but Reddit calls me
ink
I- from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
I call you haha am I destracting you from doing well in school?
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I-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
That's yet to be seen but probably aha
ink
from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Well stop staring at my pic! Lol Well education is very important.. but I
do enjoy new messages
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C-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Haha you look so much like my calc teacher last year though it's weird
He was a bald version
of you no kidding
ink
I-1 from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Is that good or bad haha atleast I will never go bald I have very thick
hair
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C-lto [deleted sent 1 day ago
Well he was a pretty bad teacher but an ok guy _(V) That's good
I'm glad I'll never have to worry about baldness
ink
I-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
What the heck I swear my shrug guy has an arm when I type it in
ink
I- from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Haha that's ok I can still see the shrug guy. Well that's good nothing is
I-]from [deleted sent 1 day ago
Haha that's ok I can still see the shrug guy. Well that's good nothing is
worse than a crappy teacher. What's your fave subject?
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rk unread
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I-]from [deleted sent 1 day ago
This is bed I'm laying in bed awake refreshing hoping to see the new
message icon
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port block
ply
I-]from [deleted sent 1 day ago
This is bad
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[-]to [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Too true. Art is my fave, and English is a close second. I just don't like
having to read boring old books and writing annoying essays about
them. Like The Scarlet Letter. Ugh
ink
I-]from [deleted sent 1 day ago
I was always really good at math, art and computers and stunk in
English.. but I love Shakespeare
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[-]to [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Ooh math. I thought I was good at math until calc. Always hated the
subject though. Shakespeare is not bad (Better than Hawthorne!). I like
Hamlet the best. The plot twist in Macbeth is hilarious though
Aww. You should 1) go to sleep and then 2) text your friends or
co workers or find another redditor. That way you can have lots of
messages to answer all the time
ink
I-]from [deleted sent 1 day ago
Yeah but it is fun when ya get to know one person instead of. Bunch of
conversations I do need to sleep :p
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ply
[-]to [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Yeah SLEEP. I need to sleep too but after sleeping in every day my
sleep cycle is wack. I'm gonna die tomorrow in school
ink.
I-]from [deleted sent 1 day ago
I hear ya, I can sleep in though.. and stop staring at my pic :p what do
you look like?
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[-]to [deleted] sent 1 day ago
I'm not lol. I'm Asian-American
so obviously black hair brown
eyes
uhhh... 5'4"... yeah. I'm pretty average appearance wise
ink
I-]from [deleted sent 1 day ago
I know I was just joking:) not bad any tattoos or piercings
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I-]to [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Nope of course not
ink
[-1
from [deleted] sent 1 day ago
Are your parents pretty strict? What are you up to now?
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I-lto [deleted] sent 1 day ago
They're not very strict actually, compared to other Asian parents. Ok I
really need to sleep
ink
He probably gave up because I was so naive...](https://pics.onsizzle.com/from-deleted-sent-3-days-ago-im-not-elliot-but-9751465.png)
![Aladdin, Alive, and Apparently: Suicides at the Golden Gate Bridge
Requested by Joseph Jay Jackson
Posted by Admin ā”luvā”
Between 1937 and 2012, an estimated 1,600 bodies were recovered of people who had jumped from the Golden Gate Bridge, located in the San Francisco Bay Area in the United States.The impact from the fall kills 98 percent of people who jump or fall from the bridge, as they enter the water. As of 2005, it is estimated that 26 people have survived after jumping.[4] In 2013, 118 potential jumpers were talked down from their attempt and did not jump.
A number of measures are in place to discourage people from committing suicide from the bridge, including telephone hotlines and patrols by emergency personnel and bridge workers. Although it had previously been considered impractical to build a suicide barrier, in 2014 the Bridge's directors approved a proposal for a net below the bridge's deck, extending out either side, rather than side barriers at the railings as had long been proposed.
Background
The Golden Gate Bridge, referred to by Krista Tippett as a "suicide magnet", is the second-most used suicide site/suicide bridge in the world, after the Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge (see List of suicide sites). The deck is about 245 feet (75 m) above the water.After a fall of four seconds, jumpers hit the water at around 75 mph or about 120 km/h. Most of the jumpers die on impact trauma. About 5% of the jumpers survive the initial impact but generally drown or die of hypothermia in the cold water.
Most suicidal jumps from the bridge have occurred on the side facing the bay. The side facing the Pacific is closed to pedestrians.
An official suicide count was kept until the year 1995, sorted according to which of the bridge's 128 lamp posts the jumper was nearest when he or she jumped. The official count ended on June 5, 1995 on the 997th jump; jumper No. 1000, Eric Atkinson (25), jumped on July 3, 1995. Earlier in 1995, a local shock jock had offered a case of Snapple to the family of the 1000th suicide victim. Consequently, Marin County coroner Ken Holmes asked local media to stop reporting the total number of jumpers. By 2012 the unofficial count exceeded 1,600 (in which the body was recovered or someone saw the jump) and new suicides were occurring about once every two weeks, according to a San Francisco Chronicle analysis. The most suicides in one month were in August 2013, when 10 jumped. The total count for the year 2013 was 46, with an additional 118 attempts prevented, making it the year with the highest tally so far. The rate of incidence of attempts has risen to nearly one every other day.The youngest known jumper is 5-year-old Marilyn DeMont; in 1945, she was told to jump by her father who followed her.
For comparison, the reported third-most popular place to commit suicide in the world, Aokigahara Forest in Japan, has a record of 108 bodies, found within the forest in 2004, with an average of 30 a year.[18] There were 34 bridge-jump suicides in 2006 whose bodies were recovered, in addition to four jumps that were witnessed but whose bodies were never recovered, and several bodies recovered suspected to be from bridge jumps. The California Highway Patrol removed 70 apparently suicidal people from the bridge that year.
There is no accurate figure on the number of suicides or completed jumps since 1937, because many were not witnessed. People have been known to travel to San Francisco specifically to jump off the bridge, and may take a bus or cab to the site; police sometimes find abandoned rental cars in the parking lot. Currents beneath the bridge are strong and some jumpers have more than likely been washed out to sea without being seen.
being seen.
The fatality rate of jumping is roughly 98%. As of July 2013, only 34 people are known to have survived the jump. Those who do survive strike the water feet-first and at a slight angle, although individuals may still sustain broken bones or internal injuries. One young woman, Sarah Rutledge Birnbaum, survived, but returned to jump again and died the second time. One young man survived a jump in 1979, swam to shore, and drove himself to a hospital. The impact cracked several of his vertebrae.
Engineering professor Natalie Jeremijenko, as part of her "Bureau of Inverse Technology" art collective, created a "Despondency Index" by correlating the Dow Jones Industrial Average with the number of jumpers detected by "Suicide Boxes" containing motion-detecting cameras, which she claimed to have set up under the bridge. The boxes purportedly recorded 17 jumps in three months, far greater than the official count. The Whitney Museum, although questioning whether Jeremijenko's suicide-detection technology actually existed, nevertheless included her project in its prestigious Whitney Biennial.
Notable fatal incidents
Harold B. Wobber
The first known intentional death from the Golden Gate Bridge occurred when the bridge was just a little over three months past its opening. In August 1937, 47-year-old World War I veteran Harold Wobber was employed as a bargeman and took a bus to the bridge. After he got off the bus, Wobber started down the pedestrian walkway of the 1.6-mile span. On the way, he started talking to a college professor from Connecticut, on vacation in the San Francisco area. During the stroll, Wobber took off his coat and vest, threw them to the man, and declared, "This is where I get off. I'm going to jump." The vacationing professor grabbed the man's belt, but Wobber was able to get free and jumped over the four foot high rail to his death in the San Francisco Bay. After his death, newspapers reported Wobber was "a victim of shell shock" who had been undergoing mental health treatment.
August and Marilyn DeMont
Until 1993, the youngest death off the bridge was 5-year old Marilyn DeMont, in 1945. With the child standing on a girder just outside the bridge's railing, her father, 37-year-old elevator installation foreman August DeMont, commanded her to jump. August DeMont followed by diving "gracefully" after her. A note was found in the DeMont car stating, "I and my daughter have committed suicide."
Charles S. Gallagher, Sr. and Jr.
A credit manager for a hardware firm in San Jose, California, Charles S. Gallagher, Sr. appeared to be successful in business and his personal life. By 1954, Gallagher was director of the San Jose Merchants Association, was living in an expensive home, and owned a late-model car. After returning from two weeks of vacation, he discovered the audit his company began before he left was ongoing. Gallagher told his co-workers he was leaving briefly to get coffee. Rather than doing so, he drove to the north side of the Golden Gate Bridge, parked, and jumped.
Four days later, Gallagher's 24-year-old son, Charles S. Gallagher Jr., drove the same sedan owned by his father to the same area and jumped from approximately the same location. A pre-med student at UCLA, Gallagher, Jr. left a note that said, "I am sorry. . . . I want to keep dad company."
Marc Salinger
Twenty-eight-year-old Marc Salinger, oldest son of former Kennedy Administration press secretary Pierre Salinger, jumped to his death from the bridge on February 9, 1977. While Salinger had known John F. Kennedy through his father's professional association with the president, he had also known him on a personal level. According to his family, Salinger, who had occasionally been Kennedy's golf caddy, never got over the president's assassination. After Salinger's mother had identified the body, the San Francisco Coroner's Office announced Salinger's death to the press. A resident of the San Francisco Bay Area at the time of his death, Salinger was buried in San Mateo County.
Steven and Kellie Page
On January 28, 1993, Steven Page murdered his wife Nancy and then threw his daughter Kellie off the Golden Gate Bridge, before jumping off the bridge himself.
Page worked as a buyer at Owaga-Mune Nursery in Fremont, California. The Page family home was in Fremont, but Page maintained a separate apartment after he and his wife separated. At 10:00 am on January 28, Page drove to their Fremont house and murdered his wife with a 12 gauge shotgun. He then left a message for his mother-in-law to pick up his 9-year-old stepson from school. After arriving at the Page home, she discovered the body of her daughter. Page, after killing his wife, drove with their 3-year-old daughter, Kellie, to the Golden Gate Bridge. Highway patrol officers noticed Page walking along the bridge carrying a bundle and recognized it to be a small child. After being approached by the officers because of his unusual behavior, Page threw Kellie over the railing, then climbed over the railing himself and jumped off. Following the incident, investigators were puzzled by Page's apparent lack of psychological indicators prior to the murder/suicide.
U.S. Coast Guard spokesperson Shelly Freier stated the USCG had recovered the bodies of both father and daughter by the next day, January 29. An apology letter addressed to Page's 9-year-old stepson, who was at school at the time of all three deaths, was found at the family home. In the letter Page apologized for what he had done, showing premeditation for both the murders of his wife and daughter as well as his suicide.
Roy Raymond
On August 26, 1993, Roy Raymond, the founder of Victoria's Secret, died after falling from the Golden Gate Bridge at the age of 46. Last seen walking toward the bridge, shortly thereafter, his body washed up on a shoreline in Marin County. Investigators concluded heād committed suicide by jumping from the bridge.
Paul Aladdin Alarab
Originally surviving a fall from the Golden Gate in 1988, Paul Aladdin Alarab lost his life on March 19, 2003 when he jumped from the bridge in protest of the United States' invasion of Iraq. Alarab, whose father was born in Iraq, was a 44-year-old real estate agent from Kensington, California who climbed over a railing on the east side of the bridge, mid-span. Tying one end of a rope to the bridge and wrapping the other end of the rope around his arms, Alarab then demanded to talk to media. Law enforcement tried to talk him back over the railing while he read a statement he had written denouncing the war started earlier that day. After finishing the statement, he let go of the rope and fell 235 feet to the water. His body was recovered almost immediately, but Alarab did not survive the fall.
In 1988, however, he had survived a similar fall from the bridge that occurred while lowering himself into a garbage can that was hanging from a 60-foot rope off the bridge. At that time, he was protesting what he saw as mistreatment of the elderly and the handicapped. In the 1988 incident, he lost his grip on the rope and fell into San Francisco Bay, surviving with three broken ribs and both lungs collapsed. The first incident was considered an accident. Following the 1988 incident, Alarab told a reporter from the San Francisco Chronicle, "It seemed like the fall lasted forever. I was praying for God to give me another chance. I was also wondering about how I would hit, because that is what determines if you will live or die." While his friends, family, and co-workers did not believe his death was an intentional suicide, investigators came to a different conclusion based on his having let go of the rope. Retired UCSF professor of psychiatry Jerome Motto stated that Alarab might have been disturbed by the outbreak of the war and "that previously bearable pain suddenly became intolerable".
Sean Moylan
On June 5, 2014, at 4:22 pm, 27-year-old Sean Moylan of Novato, California, jumped from the Golden Gate Bridge, ending his life. The Coast Guard pulled Moylan's body out of the waters beneath the bridge. Moylan was the grandson of John Moylan, a longtime member of the Golden Gate District board of directors who campaigned for the installation of suicide barriers on the bridge. The elder Moylan was president of the board when, in 2008, a historic decision was made to build the barrier at a cost of $68 million. John Moylan referred to his grandson's death as "heartbreaking"; however, he did not blame it on the lack of a barrier. Sean Moylan already had attempted suicide in February 2014; after a breakup with his girlfriend, Moylan walked in front of a truck in Oregon and was critically injured.
Notable survivors
Along with confirmed suicide deaths and suicide attempts at the bridge, there have been false suicides, as well. The first documented case of "pseudocide" at the Golden Gate Bridge was in 1948. 47-year old Chris J. Christensen was a well-known local jeweler who had been recently elected to the San Francisco Board of Supervisors. Christensen's coat was found attached to a work box at the center span of the bridge with a note in the coat that read, "Loved Ones: My nerves are shot. Please forgive me. Chris." Believed to have jumped from the bridge, Christensen was declared dead and rumors abounded. Investigators concluded he was unable to cope with the pressures of being in public office. There were reports of Christensen having become friendly with a man described as "willowy ... almost too good-looking to be considered handsome." While Christensen introduced the man to friends and colleagues as his nephew, it was learned the man was not a relative, rather, a Navy sailor whom Christensen met in a Los Angeles bar. Over a year had passed when it was discovered Christensen was actually alive and selling Bibles in Houston, Texas. Found living in a low-rent rooming house and having lost 40 pounds, Christensen explained that campaign contributors who supported his election had asked him to "do things he couldn't do". Christensen saw himself as a failure and never returned to San Francisco.
On September 24, 2000, Kevin Hines was 19 years old, paranoid, and hallucinating when he jumped off the Golden Gate Bridge. Throwing himself headfirst over the bridge railing, he fell 220 feet into San Francisco Bay. During the fall, his body rotated so that when Hines hit the water he landed in a sitting position, taking the impact in his legs and up through his back. Three of his vertebrae were shattered, lacerating his lower internal organs. A United States Coast Guard vessel rescued him, and he was transported to a hospital in San Francisco where he received emergency surgery. Following further, experimental surgery, any physical evidence of his experience is almost non-existent, and Hines has full mobility. Regarding his thoughts after the jump, Hines stated, āThere was a millisecond of free fall. In that instant, I thought, what have I just done? I donāt want to die. God, please save me.ā Following his suicide attempt, Hines received some notoriety as a survivor, appearing in a documentary film, The Bridge (2006) and being interviewed on CNN by Larry King. Additionally, he wrote a book about his experience before and after his suicide attempt, Cracked, Not Broken, and became a mental health advocate as well as a proponent for a bridge suicide barrier or net to prevent such incidents.
On March 10, 2011, 17-year-old Luhe "Otter" Vilagomez from Windsor High School in Windsor, California, survived a jump from the bridge, breaking his coccyx and puncturing one lung, though he said his attempt was for "fun" and not suicide. The teen was helped to shore by Frederic Lecouturier, 55, who was surfing under the bridge when he saw Vilagomez jump. The California Highway Patrol recommended the San Francisco District Attorney's Office charge the student with misdemeanor trespassing (a charge that entails climbing any rail, cable, suspender rope, tower or superstructure not intended for public use), punishable by up to a year in the county jail and/or a fine up to $10,000. The CHP recommended the teen undergo a medical/psychiatric evaluation by medical professionals.
Prevention and intervention
Various methods have been tried to reduce the number of suicides. The bridge is fitted with suicide-hotline telephones and staff patrol the bridge in carts, looking for people who appear to be planning to jump. The bridge is now closed to pedestrians at night. Cyclists are still permitted across at night, but can buzz themselves in and out through the remotely controlled security gates.Attempts to introduce a suicide barrier have been thwarted by engineering difficulties, high costs, and public opposition. One recurring proposal had been to build a barrier to replace or augment the low railing, a component of the bridge's original architectural design, as amended by the second designer in the final blueprint.[A] New barriers have eliminated suicides at other landmarks around the world, but were opposed for the Golden Gate Bridge for reasons of cost, aesthetics, and safety, as the load from a poorly designed barrier could significantly affect the bridge's structural integrity during a strong windstorm. On June 27, 2014 California approved a funding plan to install a suicide barrier beneath the bridge to catch suicide jumpers.
Suicide rescue
In addition to Golden Gate bridge patrol, law enforcement, and emergency medical personnel, there are Golden Gate Bridge ironworkers who volunteer their time to prevent suicides by talking to or wrestling down suicidal people. One of the ironworkers, Ken Hopper, began working at the bridge in the mid-1980s and sees the volunteer rescue duty as "part of the job". Called "Cowboys of the Sky", they have the equipment and knowledge of the bridge, as well as the experience working at extreme heights, giving them the qualifications to go over the rail and assist those in need. While the experience of the volunteers minimize the danger of falling, there are still risks encountered. Ironworkers have reported knives being pulled on them, seeing loaded guns on would-be jumpers, and having been bitten. When a police psychologist is on scene, they will coach the volunteer rescuers by radio and the ironworkers are provided seminars on suicide prevention. As of 2001, Hopper reported having rescued 30 suicidal individuals and losing two. He was a first-hand witness to the Steven Page murder/suicide, where a young, distraught father, who had just murdered his wife, threw his toddler-daughter off the bridge and then jumped off the bridge himself.
"Hopper's Hands" were created in part as a legacy of the ironworkers volunteering for suicide rescue duty. After Hopper spotted waterfront joggers touching the fence at the sidewalk dead-end near Fort Point before turning back, he asked the bridge's sign painter to create a sign with two hand print silhouettes on it. The signs are now at both ends of the bridge.
Strong appeals for a suicide barrier, fence, or other preventive measures were raised again by a well-organized vocal minority of psychiatry professionals, suicide barrier consultants, and families of jumpers beginning in January 2005. These efforts were given momentum by two films dealing with the topic of suicide and the Golden Gate Bridge. On January 14, 2005 the San Francisco Chronicle published an open letter by writer-director Jenni Olson calling for a suicide barrier on the Golden Gate Bridge. The letter was, in part, an excerpt from the script of her film The Joy of Life, which world-premiered the following week, on January 20, 2005, at the Sundance Film Festival. The day before, on January 19, 2005, the Chronicle broke the news that filmmaker Eric Steel had been shooting suicide leaps from the bridge during 2004 for his film The Bridge, which would be released in 2006. A week later, The Joy of Life world-premiered at the Sundance Film Festival and video copies of the film were circulated to members of the Bridge District board of directors with the help of the Psychiatric Foundation of Northern California.
In the fall of 2005 the San Francisco Chronicle published a seven-part series of articles, titled "Lethal Beauty", focusing on the problem of suicide and the Golden Gate Bridge and emphasizing that a solution was not just possible, but even desirable.
Kevin Briggs, a highway patrolman on the bridge, is credited with saving hundreds of lives of would-be jumpers by talking to them before they can take the plunge.[59] Despite past suicides, Briggs and others in his department estimate that with the help of cameras and heeding to dialogues they save at least 80ā90% of people intending to jump.
Suicide barrier
On October 10, 2008 the Golden Gate Bridge and Transportation District Board of Directors voted 15 to 1 for the preferred option of installing a plastic-covered stainless-steel net below the bridge as a suicide deterrent. The netting barrier was initially estimated to cost $40ā50 million to complete. On July 28, 2010, the board received $5 million from the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC) towards conducting a final design study of the barrier. However, a funding source for the overall project still had not been identified, and there was concern that this lack of funding could delay the net's deployment.
The lack of funding for the project continued to delay the schedule of completion. In 2012, President Barack Obama enacted the Transportation Re-authorization Bill permitting federal funding towards transportation infrastructure projects. Initially, the bill didn't divert funding automatically. However, advocates of the barrier, such as 'Bridge Rail Foundation', were eventually successful in securing support for the project in 2014. In March 2014, The New York Times reported that it is expected that the directors of the Bridge District will vote to change its policy and allow the use of toll money to supplement governmental funds for a suicide barrier.
The proposed suicide barrier will consist of stainless steel netting stretching 20 feet (6.1 m) out on either side of the bridge, and 20 feet below the bridge. Funding for building this barrier was unanimously approved by the Golden Gate Bridge Board of Directors on June 27, 2014. The MTC approved to contribute $27 million of the $76-million overall cost for the project, and federal, state, and local authorities will likewise contribute to the project. The design was finalized in December 2014; however the project has been delayed due to concerns from the National Park Service about storing construction materials at the site for the estimated 3 years it will take to complete the work.
Documentary
The Bridge is a 2006 British-American documentary film by Eric Steel, which spans 365 days of filming at the San Francisco Golden Gate Bridge in 2004. The film captured a number of suicides, and featured interviews with family and friends of some of the identified people who had thrown themselves from the bridge that year.
The film was inspired by Tad Friend's 2003 article titled "Jumpers", written for The New Yorker magazine. The film crew shot almost 10,000 hours of footage, recording 23 of the known 24 suicides off the bridge in 2004.
In his article for The New Yorker, Friend wrote, "Survivors often regret their decision in midair, if not before". This observation is supported by survivor Ken Baldwin, who explained, āI instantly realized that everything in my life that I'd thought was unfixable was totally fixableāexcept for having just jumped."
The 2006 release of The Bridge exerted additional pressure on the Bridge District and created continued public awareness. The film also documented interviews with surviving family members of those who jumped, with witnesses, and with a survivor.
Some critics condemned the film for its subject matter. Andrew Pulver of The Guardian gave it one out of five stars, saying it "could be the most morally loathsome film ever made." The Bridge received mostly positive reviews, receiving a 66 percent "fresh" rating from 56 reviews on Rotten Tomatoes; the critical consensus states: "Tactlessly morbid or remarkably sensitive? Deeply disturbing or viscerally fascinating critics are divided on Eric Steelās unique documentary on the Golden Gate Bridge, wonder of the modern world and notorious suicide destination." On Metacritic, the film has a 58/100 rating, signifying "mixed or average reviews".
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suicides_at_the_Golden_Gate_Bridge](https://pics.onsizzle.com/suicides-at-the-golden-gate-bridge-requested-by-joseph-jay-10596847.png)
![Bones, Booty, and Butt: What you
allow is what
will continue
The "I Want!" Douche (AKA TTD-TemperTantrumDouche)
[01] That guy that is so arrogant that even when his s%$# stinks, he
makes it sound lovely in a dozen different ways.
[02] That guy that will move in with you, not contribute, eat all your
food, drink all your coffee, use all your butt-ribbon, smoke all your
cigarettes, use your cable and internet, use your laundry
capabilities, your personal space, your computers, your yard, your
vehicle, your fuel/funds for fuel, electricity, gas, water, and/or
every other resource you have readily available because you're
already established in life. But he can buy his own weed. Sometimes.
(Most of the time, that comes outta your pocket, too.)
[03] That guy that will do all of the above and secretly, tell his
"ex" girlfriend how much he loves her and misses her...whilst he
makes an "I gotta pee" dodge to the bathroom and texts her photos of
that ^&^*@# you just gave him. (My bad, I kinda took that as a
compliment. I mean, I DID do THAT to/for him and all...)
[04] That guy that will tell your kids that he adores and loves them
and thinks of them as his very own. And when you ask him to help with
the kids, he bails because "they're not [his] kids!" (SEE: Parenting
partner of convenience)
[05] That guy that says "you're making this %^%$ up in your head, Gahd
you're soooooo insecure!" (When you've FOUND the
texts/photos/emails/social networking messages from the "ex"--and
SHOWN them to him. On his electronic device. That you purchased for
him).
[06] That guy that whines and blubbers like a toddler in a s%$%^
diaper when he wants a new phone...or a new guitar...or a new
XBox360. And literally throws a temper tantrum and sulks on the corner
of your couch until he gets what he wants. He later gets one of those
items as a gift and then sells said item. For weed. (That "he" paid
for, mind you!)
[07] That guy that holds EVERYTHING over YOUR head when he's the
liar/cheater/double lifer. You know, "You OWE ME!" and of course, the
obligatory "I didn't ASK for that, YOU bought it/got it for me!"
(After a week of sulking and because you were sooooo in looooove that
you thought it'd be an AWESOME-ish gift!)
[08] That guy that takes no responsibility for what he's said or done,
rather, he blames everything and anything else from his past to his
present as to his actions. SOMETIMES, he's nice and blames it on you,
even! (You can't ALWAYS be excluded, right?!)
[09] That guy that cries like a little girl when he's "sick". (And I
mean the sniffles and sneezies, gals. And yes, I said sneezies cos I
have heard less whining and sniveling from my own children at their
worst ailments and broken bones!)
[10] That guy that can't even take a dirty dish to the sink while he's
up dirtying another dish. That same guy that can't take the garbage
cans to the curb on trash night, let alone take a full bag
OUTSIDE...the cans are RIGHT next to the exit/entrance, FFS!)
[11] That guy that takes his phone to the bathroom with him and locks
it at night, whilst it's on his side of the bed. That guy that hides
in the bathroom every morning for at least an hour, texting his "ex"
and then claims he just had a massive dump...or even better, he was
CONSTIPATED! (Despite the previous week's liquor diet.)
[12] That guy that hides all of his "friends" on social networking
sites, has consistently active dating profiles and lists himself as
"single" everywhere you find him on the internet. But [he] "Doesn't
USE those sites anymore", "Doesn't remember the password/email/login
info" and/or [his] "Ex set it up to stir the sh*t pot" (That was, by
the way, my absolute FAVORITE!).
[13] That guy that ONLY takes you to meet the friends that won't blab
about his second life. (SEE: The "friends" that don't really know
him, IE: weed dealer, distant family, OLLLLLLLD high school "buddy",
that guy-friend that suffered total memory loss due to
drinking/driving/meth addiction/whatever, etc.)
[14] That guy that tells you that "she's a friend he grew up with"
(but whom he's been dating/texting/sexting/camwhoring with throughout
the course of your relationship - and she is well aware of who YOU are
- but forgets that she's going to be you next. -Insert the HAHAHAHA,
dumb broad here-).
[15] That guy that blames you because he lost his job (that one that
he called off to damn near every day because he was busy banging his
"ex" and/or was hungover). That same guy that hasn't had to pay a bill
in several years because he's always "roomed" with others. (SEE:
Leech)
[16] That guy that's so hard up for cash (because, you know, it's your
fault he lost his job), that he sells his legitimate and much needed
pain medication. To buy weed. (Did I mention that he's not much on
contributing to the household? Yeah. That still applies even down
here at number 16!) IN HIS DEFENSE, he bought his own smokes this
time, though!
[17] That guy that you loved so much, that you fronted the money for
his business. A business that he sunk because he didn't pay bills and
gave shit away for free and/or "discounted".
[18] That guy that drained your bank account. And you were stupid
enough to ALLOW it. (SEE: Loooooove)
[19] That guy that will talk to EVERY OTHER chick in the room even
though you're present. He won't introduce you so just step up to the
bar, bat your eyelashes, mention what a loser he is (because the
bartender already knows that guy) and flirt with that bartender to
get you a free shot...or six. (Hey, it worked for me!)
[20] That guy that claims his "ex" cheated on him and THAT is the
reason he's deeming you the cheater. (After he comes to your home
from a quickie with the "ex".)
He tried to contact me a couple years ago when he and his "friend that
he grew up with" broke up. Again. I suspect that he wanted some kind
of pity and a booty call from me because he told me that he was sorry
that he didn't understand what I was talking about (re: all of the
above; I'd verbally assualted him prior to kicking him out. FINALLY.)
and that NOW he understands. I told him that it was ashame that it
took TWO "crazy" b%tches to get it through his stupid, selfish thick
skull. I proceeded to him I was married and he stopped communicating
with me.
The numbers go on and on.
I dated that douche for three years.
$33,000 dollars and nothing to show for it.
(P.S. I'm not married. Yet.)](https://pics.onsizzle.com/what-you-allow-is-what-will-continue-the-i-want-7630127.png)
![Advice, Bilbo, and Books: <p><a href="http://lilprince.tumblr.com/post/109345651525">lilprince</a>:</p>
<blockquote><p><a href="http://ekjohnston.tumblr.com/post/109262915267/cogito-ergo-dumb-sourwolf-loki-destiel-221b">ekjohnston</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="http://cogito-ergo-dumb.tumblr.com/post/107458727422/sourwolf-loki-destiel-221b-iridescentoracle">cogito-ergo-dumb</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="http://sourwolf-loki-destiel-221b.tumblr.com/post/107004606109/iridescentoracle-animate-mush-malibujojo">sourwolf-loki-destiel-221b</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="http://iridescentoracle.tumblr.com/post/105513973543">iridescentoracle</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="http://animate-mush.tumblr.com/post/105364265135/malibujojo-pippin4242-lulasseth">animate-mush</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="http://malibujojo.tumblr.com/post/105362854318/pippin4242-lulasseth">malibujojo</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="http://pippin4242.tumblr.com/post/105353786205/lulasseth-imsorryimovedtoaidanturnerspants">pippin4242</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="http://lulasseth.tumblr.com/post/77990057415/imsorryimovedtoaidanturnerspants">lulasseth</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="http://imsorryimovedtoaidanturnerspants.tumblr.com/post/74805488473/hash-tag-whatever-merry-confused-awe">imsorryimovedtoaidanturnerspants</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p><a href="http://hash-tag-whatever.tumblr.com/post/39509385253/merry-confused-awe-frodo-confused-awe">hash-tag-whatever</a>:</p>
<blockquote>
<p>Merry: confused awe</p>
<p>Frodo:Ā confused awe</p>
<p>Sam:Ā confused awe</p>
<p>Pippin: finally iām getting the respect i deserve from these peasantsĀ </p>
</blockquote>
<p>so accurate i am choking on my carrot. this is making me giggle harder than it should. I love Pippin so much.</p>
</blockquote>
<p>I donāt think there will come time when Iām not reblogging this. Sorry guys.Ā </p>
</blockquote>
<p>no no no you guys donāt understand, Pippin <i>is</i> someone really important in the Shire! The books donāt talk about it a lot, and the movies wonāt touch that stuff with a bargepole, but Pippin will be inheriting land rights to about a quarter of the Shire. Heās second in line to becoming military leader of <i>all Hobbits</i>. His dad is currently in charge of that stuff, but heās completely aware of it, and educated for it, and thatās why heās such an over privileged little shit in the books.</p>
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<p>I thought it was a shame the movies didnāt talk about class differences in the Shire. Also puts M&P stealing food in an uglier light.</p>
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<p>To be fair, at the time of the Party, Pippin would have been 12, which puts it back into a more acceptable light. Ā And theyāre stealing food <i>from Bilbo</i>, a wealthy and eccentric family member, which again makes things a bit different.</p>
<p>But yes, when they call PippinĀ <i>Ernil i Perrianath -</i> Prince of the Halflings - they are actually completely spot on.</p>
<p>And when Pippin tells Bergil āmy father farms the land around Tuckboroughā heās deliberately downplaying his class so that he can greet the boy as an equal rather than a superior. Ā Itās Pippinās most adult moment in the series. Ā Bergil is engaging in a status contest which Pippin canĀ <i>totally win -Ā </i>but instead chooses not to compete. Ā Pippin is a gilded and spoiled lordling in the Shire, but he becomes a Man of Gondor.</p>
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<p>Yeah, to add a bit of unnecessary trivia/level of preciseness, Frodo is the oldest of the four; he was born in 2968, was (obviously) 33 at the time of the Party, and so heās 51 here. Samās second-oldest; born in 2980, he was 21 when Bilbo left and is 39 at this point. Merryās two years younger than Sam, making him 18 or 19 in 3001, when the Party took place, and Pippin was born in 2990, so he was actually 10 or 11 during the Party, and during this scene theyāre ~37 and ~29, respectively.</p>
<p>So yeah, Pippinās the youngest by aĀ <i>lot</i>. Plus, taking hobbit aging into account, he really is still in the equivalent of his teens; remember the Party was half to celebrate Frodoās coming-of-age atĀ <i>33</i>, and Pippinās around twenty yearsĀ <i>younger than Frodo</i>.Ā </p>
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<p>This fucked me up. I didnāt read the books and in the movie it was shown like Frodo took off with the ring like 2 days after Bilboās gone away, but it was 17 years after that. OMFG.</p>
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<p>iām not sure if itās ever been explicitly stated but the movie and book follow different timelines</p>
<p>in the books, bilbo leaves the shire 60 years after his first adventure, giving frodo the ring. seventeen years pass before frodo sets out on his quest</p>
<p>in the movies, seventeen years cannot have passed while gandalf goes all nancy drew in denethorās basement - for one, pippin is obviously not 10 in the party scene - but the story does allow us some wiggle room - maybe a few months, even a year or two? (I DUNNO DID JACKSON EVER SPECIFY GIMMIE NUMBERS)</p>
<p>this also accouts for a lot of the confusion re. aragorns age following thranduils advice to legolas at the end of BOFA - in the books, aragorn is about ten during the events of the hobbit, but in the contracted movie timeline, he tells eowyn heās eighty seven, putting him somewhere around 27+ when legolas goes off to find him</p>
<p>also i think i heard some messing around was done with thorins age? i dunno BASICALLY THE MOVIE TIMELINE IS CONTRACTED AND FUDGED AROUND WITH AS MUCH AS THE MOVIE MAPS dont even get me started on those</p>
<p>BUT BACK TO PIPPIN</p>
<p>so pippin does indeed become the thain, merry also become the head ofĀ <i>his</i> ginormous family - the master of buckland, in fact</p>
<p>but you know whats best of all</p>
<p><i>SAM BECOMES MAYOR OF THE SHIRE</i></p>
<p><i>SAMWISE GAMGEE BECOMES ELECTED MAYOR OF THE SHIRE SEVEN TIMES</i></p>
<p>k so to understand the importance of this you gotta remember that sam is poor</p>
<p>he comes from a poor family - so poor, in fact, that iām fairly certain that sam was the only one of them who couldĀ <i>read -Ā </i>and only because bilbo taught him. in the very first scene of FOTR, the Gaffer (samās dad) says</p>
<p><i>āBut my lad Sam will know more about [Bilboās treasure]. Heās in and out of Bag End. CrazyĀ about stories of the old days he is, and he listens to all Mr.Bilboās tales. Mr. Bilbo has learnedĀ him his letters - meaning no harm, mark you,and I hope no harm will come of it.</i></p>
<p><i>āElves and Dragonsā I says to him. āCabbages and potatoes are better for me and you.Ā Donāt go getting mixed up in the business of your betters, or youāll land in trouble too big forĀ you,āI says to him. And I might say it to others,ā he added with a look at the stranger and theĀ miller.ā</i></p>
<p>firstly im super fascinated by class divides in the shire - and there is a huge gap between the workers and the landed gentry- but not the bitter feud between proletariat and bourgeoisie of the industrial england that tolkien so despised. the poor of the shire are the poor of an idealised rustic england. there are no slums in the shire, and i imagine that the homeless vagrants (if they exist) are more akin to Wordsworthās <a href="http://www.bartleby.com/145/ww139.html">Old Cumberland Beggar</a>Ā IM SO SORRY TO BRING WORDSWORTH INTO THIS, I REALLY AM but yeah does anyone wanna talk pre industrial revolution englands social structures and how they relates to the shire cause im pretty sure thats what tolkiens aiming for here</p>
<p>SORRY im off topic im talking about how hella rad it is that sam becomes mayor of the shire and pippin becomes the thain and merry becomes master of buckland and between the three of them they lead the shire into a golden age of prosperity and happiness and good external relations with gondor and arnor and rohan</p>
<p>ALSO SAMS DAUGHTER AND PIPPINS SON GET MARRIED HA HA IM GONNA GO HIDE FOR A WHILE ITS TOO CUTE</p>
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<p>Basically the Shire operates Perfectly (with a few notable exceptions, like Ted Sandyman and the Sackville-Bagginses),Ā <i>unless it is being meddled with</i>. So while Gandalf sets up the Rangers to protect the borders (not meddling), Saruman introduces trade the Shire canāt support, imports Men and industry, andĀ <i>unseats those in chargeĀ </i>(Will Whitfoot, the Mayor, is the only Hobbit who has been in the Lockholes longer than Lobelia, and during the Scouring, the first military thing Pippin does is go to Tuckborough with some Hobbiton lads and break the siege on the Great Smial so that the Tooks can help roust Sharky.</p>
<p>So, HobbitsĀ <i>have</i> rank, but they donāt care much about it. What you do is way more important, and social mobility isnāt unheard of. The only person who ever talks down to Sam is his own father. Pippin and MerryĀ <i>recruit him on purpose,Ā </i>and Rosie (whose father is a landowner, which the Gaffer is not), is not even a BIT reluctant to marry himĀ <i>before he does anything heroic</i>, just because heās a great person.</p>
<p>HOBBITS, I TELL YOU. HOBBITS.</p>
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<p>I love the Tolkien side of tumblr. You are my people</p></blockquote>](https://pics.onsizzle.com/<p><a-href-http-lilprince-tumblr-com-post-109345651525>lilprince<-a>-<-p>-<blockquote><p><a-href-http-ekjohnston-tumblr-com-post-109262915267-cogi-33123828.png)
